எளிய தமிழில் GNU/Linux – பாகம்-1,பாகம்-2 PDF BOOKS

GNU/Linux – இது மென்பொருள் உலகை புரட்டிப்போட்ட ஒரு இயங்குதளம்.
இதை, இந்த நூல் எளிமையாக அறிமுகம் செய்கிறது.
GNU/Linux-ன் அடிப்படைகளை தக்க உதாரணங்களுடன் விளக்குகிறது.

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Data structure And algortham coding (c++)

Arrays and Matrices:

01. To find largest/second largest from an array of integers.
02. To print lower triangular matrix.
03. To check whether the given matrix is a magic square.
04. To insert,delete,traverse in Array.
05. To check symmetry of a matrix.
06. To reverse an Array.
07. To delete repetitive elements in an Array.
08. To display Tridiagonal Matrix.

Linked Lists, Stacks and Queues:

09. Insertion,deletion,traversal- Singly Linked List.
10. Insertion,deletion,traversal- Doubly Linked List.
11. Stack as Array.
12. Stack as Linked List.
13. Linear Queue as Array.
14. Linear Queue as Linked List.

Sorting Techniques:

15. Bubble Sort.
16. Selection Sort.
17. Insertion Sort.
18. Heap Sort.
19. Merge Sort.
20. Quick Sort.

01. To find largest/second largest from an array of integers.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a[100],n,i,j,flag=0;
clrscr();

cout<<"\n\nHow many nos. do you want to enter\n\n";
cin>>n;

cout<<"\n\nEnter nos.\n\n";

for(i=0;i!=n;i++)
cin>>a[i];

for(j=32767;j!=-32768;j--)
{
for(i=0;i!=n;i++)
{
if((flag==0)&&(a[i]==j)){cout<<"Largest= "<<j<<"\n\n"; flag=1;continue;}
if((flag==1)&&(a[i]==j)){cout<<"Second Largest= "<<j<<"\n\n"; goto X;}
}
}
X:
getch();
}

02. To print lower triangular matrix.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a[100][100],m,n,i,j;
clrscr();

cout<<"\n\nEnter no. of rows\n\n";
cin>>m;
cout<<"Enter no. of columns\n\n";
cin>>n;
cout<<"Enter elements\n\n";

for(i=0;i!=m;i++)
for(j=0;j!=n;j++)
cin>>a[i][j];

cout<<"\n\nLower Triangular Matrix:\n\n";

for(i=0;i!=m;i++)
{
for(j=0;j!=i+1;j++)
{
cout<<a[i][j];
cout<<" ";
}
cout<<"\n";
}
getch();
}

03. To check whether the given matrix is a magic square.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a[100][100],m,n,i,j,flagx=1;
int *sum;
clrscr();

cout<<"\n\nEnter no. of rows\n\n";
cin>>m;
cout<<"Enter no. of columns\n\n";
cin>>n;
if(m!=n)
{
cout<<"\n\nNot a sqaure matrix, hence not a magic square!\n\n";
goto Y;
}

sum=new int[m+n+2];

cout<<"Enter elements\n\n";
for(i=0;i!=m;i++)
{
sum[i]=0;
for(j=0;j!=n;j++)
{
cin>>a[i][j];
sum[i]+=a[i][j];
}
}

for(j=0;j!=n;j++)
{
sum[m+j]=0;
for(i=0;i!=m;i++)
{
sum[m+j]+=a[i][j];
}
}

sum[m+n]=0;
for(i=0;i!=m;i++)
{
sum[m+n]+=a[i][i];
}
sum[m+n+1]=0;
for(i=0,j=n-i-1;i!=m;i++)
{
sum[m+n+1]+=a[i][j];
}

for(i=0;i!=(m+n+1);i++)
{
if(sum[i]!=sum[i+1]){cout<<"Not a magic square\n\n";flagx=0;break;}
}
if(flagx==1){cout<<"Magic Square\n\n";}
Y:
getch();
}

04. To insert,delete,traverse in Array.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void arr_tra(int a[],int size)
{
int i;
for(i=0;i<size;i++)
{
cout<<a[i]<<"\n";
}
getch();
}
int arr_del(int a[],int size,int num)
{
int pos=-1;
int i;
for(i=0;i!=size;i++)
{
if(a[i]==num){pos=i;break;}
}
if(pos==-1)
{
cout<<"Number does not exist in the entered array\n\n";
return size;
}
else
{
for(i=0;i!=pos;i++){}
i++;
for(;i<size;i++)
{
a[i-1]=a[i];
}
return size-1;
}
}
int arr_ins(int a[],int size,int num,int pos)
{
int i;
for(i=size-1;i>=pos;i--)
{
a[i+1]=a[i];
}
i++;
a[i]=num;
return size+1;
}
void main()
{
int a[10],ch,size,num,pos;
char ch2;
clrscr();
cout<<"How many elements do you want to enter\n\n";
cin>>size;
cout<<"Enter elements\n\n";
for(int i=0;i!=size;i++)
{
cin>>a[i];
}

do
{
clrscr();
cout<<"Enter your choice:\n\n";
cout<<"1-TRAVERSE\n";
cout<<"2-INSERT\n";
cout<<"3-DELETE\n";
cin>>ch;

switch(ch)
{
case 1: clrscr();
 arr_tra(a,size);
 clrscr();
 break;

case 2: clrscr();
 cout<<"\n\nEnter number to insert\n\n";
 cin>>num;
 cout<<"\n\nEnter position to insert\n\n";
 cin>>pos;
 size=arr_ins(a,size,num,pos-1);
 clrscr();
 break;

case 3: clrscr();
 cout<<"\n\nEnter number to delete\n\n";
 cin>>num;
 size=arr_del(a,size,num);
 clrscr();
 break;

default: cout<<"\n\nInvalid Choice!!\n\n";
}
cout<<"Want to continue? (Y-yes|N-no)\n\n";
cin>>ch2;
}
while((ch2=='Y')||(ch2=='y'));
}

05. To check symmetry of a matrix.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int **a,**b,flag=1;
int m,n;
clrscr();

cout<<"\nEnter no. of rows\n";
cin>>m;
cout<<"\nEnter no. of columns\n";
cin>>n;

a=new int *[m];
for(int i=0;i!=m;i++)
a[i]=new int[n];

b=new int *[n];
for(int j=0;j!=n;j++)
b[j]=new int[m];

cout<<"\n\nEnter elements\n";

for(i=0;i!=m;i++)
for(j=0;j!=n;j++)
cin>>a[i][j];

for(i=0;i!=m;i++)
for(j=0;j!=n;j++)
{
b[i][j]=a[j][i];
if((flag==1)&&(a[i][j]!=b[i][j]))
{flag=0;}
}

if(flag==0)
{
for(i=0;i!=m;i++)
for(j=0;j!=n;j++)
if((flag==0)&&(b[i][j]!=-a[i][j]))
{flag=2;}
}

if(flag==1){cout<<"\n\nSymmetric Matrix\n";}
else if(flag==0){cout<<"\nSkew-Symmetric Matrix\n";}
else{cout<<"\nNeither Symmetric nor Skew-Symmetric\n";}

getch();
}

06. To reverse an Array.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void arr_rev(int *ptr,int size)  //REVERSE
{
int i,temp;
for(i=size-1;i!=0;i-=2,ptr++)
{
temp=*ptr;
*ptr=*(ptr+i);
*(ptr+i)=temp;
}
}

void main()
{
int *arr;
int m,i;
clrscr();

cout<<"\nHow many elements do you want to enter?\n";
cin>>m;

arr=new int[m];

cout<<"\nEnter elements\n";
for(i=0;i!=m;i++)
cin>>arr[i];

arr_rev(arr,m);

cout<<"\nReversed array:\n";
for(i=0;i!=m;i++)
cout<<arr[i]<<" ";

getch();
}

07. To delete repetitive elements in an Array.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
int arr_del(int a[],int size,int pos)
{
int i;
for(i=0;i!=pos;i++){}
i++;
for(;i<size-1;i++)
{
a[i-1]=a[i];
}
return size-1;
}

void main()
{
int a[10];
int i,j,size=10,flag;
clrscr();

cout<<"Enter 10 integers\n\n";
for(i=0;i!=10;i++)
cin>>a[i];

for(i=0;i<size-1;i++)
{
flag=0;
for(j=i+1;j<size;j++)
{
if(a[i]==a[j])
{
size=arr_del(a,size,j);
flag=1;
j--;
}
}
if(flag==1)
{
size=arr_del(a,size,i);
flag=0;
i--;
}
}
clrscr();

cout<<"\n\nNew Array:\n\n";
for(i=0;i!=size;i++)
cout<<a[i];

getch();
}

08.To display Tridiagonal Matrix.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>

void main()
{
int a[5][5];
int b[13];
int i,j;

clrscr();

cout<<"\nEnter the tridiagonal elements of a 5*5 tridiagonal matrix\n\n";
for(i=0;i!=13;i++)
cin>>b[i];

for(i=0;i!=5;i++)
for(j=0;j!=5;j++)
a[i][j]=0;

for(i=0;i!=5;i++)
a[i][i]=b[3*i];

for(i=0;i!=4;i++)
{
a[i][i+1]=b[3*i+1];
a[i+1][i]=b[3*i+2];
}

cout<<"\n\nTridiagonal Matrix:\n\n";

for(i=0;i!=5;i++)
{
for(j=0;j!=5;j++)
cout<<a[i][j]<<" ";
cout<<endl;
}

getch();
}

09. Insertion,deletion,traversal- Singly Linked List.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>

struct Node
{
int info;
Node *next;
}*start,*temp,*p,*q;

void traverse()
{
if(start==NULL){cout<<"\nUnderflow\n";}
else
{
cout<<endl;
for(temp=start;temp!=NULL;temp=temp->next)
cout<<temp->info<<" ";
}
}

void insert_beg()
{
p=new Node;
cout<<"\nEnter Node->info\n";
cin>>p->info;
p->next=start;
start=p;
}

void insert_end()
{
if(start==NULL){insert_beg();}
else
{
for(temp=start;temp->next!=NULL;temp=temp->next)
{}
p=new Node;
cout<<"\nEnter Node->info\n";
cin>>p->info;
temp->next=p;
p->next=NULL;
}
}

void insert_mid()
{
int loc,n;
p=new Node;
cout<<"\nEnter Node->info\n";
cin>>p->info;
cout<<"\nEnter Node location\n";
cin>>loc;

if(loc==1)
{
p->next=start;
start=p;
}
else
{
for(n=1,temp=start;temp->next!=NULL,n<loc-1;temp=temp->next,n++)
{
}
if(n<loc-1){cout<<"\nLocation Overflow\n";}
else
{
p->next=temp->next;
temp->next=p;
}
}
}

void del_beg()
{
if(start==NULL){cout<<"\nUnderflow\n";}
else
{
temp=start;
start=start->next;
temp->next=NULL;
}
}

void del_end()
{
if(start==NULL){cout<<"\nUnderflow\n";}
else if(start->next==NULL){del_beg();}
else
{
for(temp=start;temp->next->next!=NULL;temp=temp->next)
{}
temp->next=NULL;
}
}

void del_mid()
{
int loc,n;
if(start==NULL){cout<<"\nUnderflow\n";}
else
{
cout<<"\nEnter Node location\n";
cin>>loc;
if(loc==1){del_beg();}
else
{
for(n=1,temp=start;temp->next!=NULL,n<loc-1;temp=temp->next,n++)
{}
if(n<loc-1){cout<<"\nLocation Overflow\n";}
else
{
q=temp->next;
temp->next=q->next;
q->next=NULL;
}
}
}
}
void main()
{
int ch;
char ch2;
clrscr();

do
{
cout<<"\n\nEnter your choice:\n";
cout<<"1-Traverse\n";
cout<<"2-Insert at beginning\n";
cout<<"3-Insert at last\n";
cout<<"4-Insert at location\n";
cout<<"5-Delete at beginning\n";
cout<<"6-Delete at last\n";
cout<<"7-Delete at location\n";
cin>>ch;

switch(ch)
{
case 1:traverse();break;
case 2:insert_beg();break;
case 3:insert_end();break;
case 4:insert_mid();break;
case 5:del_beg();break;
case 6:del_end();break;
case 7:del_mid();break;
default:cout<<"\n\nInvalid Choice!!";
}

cout<<"\n\nWant to continue? (Y-yes|N-no)\n";
cin>>ch2;
}
while((ch2=='Y')||(ch2=='y'));
}

10. Insertion,deletion,traversal- Doubly Linked List.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>

struct Node
{
int info;
Node *next;
Node *prev;
}*start,*temp,*p,*q;

void traverse()
{
if(start==NULL){cout<<"\nUnderflow\n";}
else
{
cout<<endl;
for(temp=start;temp!=NULL;temp=temp->next)
cout<<temp->info<<" ";
}
}

void insert_beg()
{
p=new Node;
cout<<"\nEnter Node->info\n";
cin>>p->info;
p->prev=NULL;
start->prev=p;
p->next=start;
start=p;
}

void insert_end()
{
if(start==NULL){insert_beg();}
else
{
for(temp=start;temp->next!=NULL;temp=temp->next)
{}
p=new Node;
cout<<"\nEnter Node->info\n";
cin>>p->info;
p->prev=temp;
temp->next=p;
p->next=NULL;
}
}

void insert_mid()
{
int loc,n;
p=new Node;
cout<<"\nEnter Node->info\n";
cin>>p->info;
cout<<"\nEnter Node location\n";
cin>>loc;
if(loc==1)
{
p->prev=NULL;
start->prev=p;
p->next=start;
start=p;
}
else
{
for(n=1,temp=start;temp->next!=NULL,n<loc-1;temp=temp->next,n++)
{}
if(n<loc-1){cout<<"\nLocation Overflow\n";}
else
{
p->prev=temp;
temp->next->prev=p;
p->next=temp->next;
temp->next=p;
}
}
}

void del_beg()
{
if(start==NULL){cout<<"\nUnderflow\n";}
else
{
temp=start;
start=start->next;
start->prev=NULL;
temp->next=NULL;
}
}

void del_end()
{
if(start==NULL){cout<<"\nUnderflow\n";}
else if(start->next==NULL){del_beg();}
else
{
for(temp=start;temp->next->next!=NULL;temp=temp->next)
{}
temp->next->prev=NULL;
temp->next=NULL;
}
}

void del_mid()
{
int loc,n;
if(start==NULL){cout<<"\nUnderflow\n";}
else
{
cout<<"\nEnter Node location\n";
cin>>loc;
if(loc==1){del_beg();}
else
{
for(n=1,temp=start;temp->next!=NULL,n<loc-1;temp=temp->next,n++)
{}
if(n<loc-1){cout<<"\nLocation Overflow\n";}
else
{
q=temp->next;
q->prev=NULL;
q->next->prev=temp;
temp->next=q->next;
q->next=NULL;
}
}
}
}
void main()
{
int ch;
char ch2;
clrscr();

do
{
cout<<"\n\nEnter your choice:\n";
cout<<"1-Traverse\n";
cout<<"2-Insert at beginning\n";
cout<<"3-Insert at last\n";
cout<<"4-Insert at location\n";
cout<<"5-Delete at beginning\n";
cout<<"6-Delete at last\n";
cout<<"7-Delete at location\n";
cin>>ch;

switch(ch)
{
case 1:traverse();break;
case 2:insert_beg();break;
case 3:insert_end();break;
case 4:insert_mid();break;
case 5:del_beg();break;
case 6:del_end();break;
case 7:del_mid();break;
default:cout<<"\n\nInvalid Choice!!";
}

cout<<"\n\nWant to continue? (Y-yes|N-no)\n";
cin>>ch2;
}
while((ch2=='Y')||(ch2=='y'));
}

//11. Stack as Array.#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<dos.h>
void main()
{
int stack[10];
int top=-1;
int ch,i;
char ans;

do{
clrscr();
cout<<"1.PUSH Elements\n";
cout<<"2.POP Elements\n";
cout<<"3.DISPLAY Elements\n";
cout<<"Enter your choice\n\n";
cin>>ch;

switch(ch)
{
case 1:
top+=1;
if(top>9)
{
top-=1;
cout<<"\n\nStack if full\n\n";
}
else
{
cout<<"\n\nEnter Info\n\n";
cin>>stack[top];
}
break;

case 2:
if(top==-1)
{
cout<<"\n\nStack is empty\n\n";
}
else
{
cout<<"\n\nThe deleted info is "<<stack[top];
top-=1;
}
break;

case 3:
cout<<"\n\n";
if(top==-1)
{
cout<<"\n\nStack is empty\n\n";
}
else
{
for(i=top;i>=0;i--)
{
cout<<stack[i]<<"\n";
}
}
break;

default: cout<<"\n\nInvalid Choice\n\n";
}

cout<<"\n\nContinue (Y/N) ?\n\n";
cin>>ans;
}
while((ans=='Y')||(ans=='y'));
}

12. Stack as Linked List.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>

struct Node
{
int info;
Node *next;
}*top,*temp,*p;

void display()
{
if(top==NULL){cout<<"\nUnderflow\n";}
else
{
cout<<endl;
for(temp=top;temp!=NULL;temp=temp->next)
cout<<temp->info<<" ";
}
}

void push()
{
p=new Node;
cout<<"\nEnter Node->info\n";
cin>>p->info;
p->next=top;
top=p;
}

void pop()
{
if(top==NULL){cout<<"\nUnderflow\n";}
else
{
temp=top;
top=top->next;
temp->next=NULL;
}
}

void main()
{
int ch;
char ch2;

do
{
cout<<"\n\nEnter your choice:\n";
cout<<"1-Display\n";
cout<<"2-Push\n";
cout<<"3-Pop\n";
cin>>ch;

switch(ch)
{
case 1:display();break;
case 2:push();break;
case 3:pop();break;
default:cout<<"\n\nInvalid Choice!!";
}

cout<<"\n\nWant to continue? (Y-yes|N-no)\n";
cin>>ch2;
}
while((ch2=='Y')||(ch2=='y'));
}

13. Linear Queue as Array.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>

void main()
{
int queue[10],front,rear;
front=rear=-1;
int ch;
char ans;

do
{
clrscr();
cout<<"1.ENQUEUE\n";
cout<<"2.DEQUEUE\n";
cout<<"3.TRAVERSE\n\n";
cout<<"Enter your choice\n\n";
cin>>ch;

switch(ch)
{
case 1:
if(front==-1){front=0;}
rear+=1;
if(rear>9)
{
rear-=1;
cout<<"\n\nQueue is full, cannot insert\n\n";
}
else
{
cout<<"\n\nEnter element\n\n";
cin>>queue[rear];
}
break;

case 2:
if(front==-1)
{
cout<<"\n\nQueue is empty\n";
}
else
{
cout<<"\n\nThe deleted element is "<<queue[front];
front+=1;
if(front==rear+1){front=rear=-1;}
}
break;

case 3:
cout<<"\n\n";
if(front==-1)
{
cout<<"\n\nQueue is empty\n";
}
else
{
for(int i=front;i<=rear;i++)
{
cout<<queue[i]<<"\n";
}
}
break;

default: cout<<"\n\nInvalid Choice\n\n";
}

cout<<"\n\nContinue (Y/N) ?\n\n";
cin>>ans;
}
while((ans=='Y')||(ans=='y'));
}

14. Linear Queue as Linked List.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>

struct Node
{
int info;
Node *next;
}*rear,*temp,*p;
Node *front=rear->next;

void traverse()
{
if(front==rear->next){cout<<"\nUnderflow\n";}
else
{
cout<<endl;
for(temp=front;temp!=rear->next;temp=temp->next)
cout<<temp->info<<" ";
}
}

void enqueue()
{
p=new Node;
cout<<"\nEnter Node->info\n";
cin>>p->info;
if(front==rear->next)
{
front=p;
rear=p;
p->next=NULL;
}
else
{
rear->next=p;
p->next=NULL;
rear=p;
}
}

void dequeue()
{
if(front==rear->next){cout<<"\nUnderflow\n";}
else
{
temp=front;
front=front->next;
temp->next=NULL;
}
}

void main()
{
int ch;
char ch2;

do
{
cout<<"\n\nEnter your choice:\n";
cout<<"1-Traverse\n";
cout<<"2-Enqueue\n";
cout<<"3-Dequeue\n";
cin>>ch;

switch(ch)
{
case 1:traverse();break;
case 2:enqueue();break;
case 3:dequeue();break;
default:cout<<"\n\nInvalid Choice!!";
}

cout<<"\n\nWant to continue? (Y-yes|N-no)\n";
cin>>ch2;
}
while((ch2=='Y')||(ch2=='y'));
}

15. Bubble Sort.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>

void bsort(int arr[],int size)
{
for(int n=size;n>=1;n--)
{
for(int i=1;i<=n-1;i++)
{
if(arr[i]>arr[i+1])
{
int temp=arr[i];
arr[i]=arr[i+1];
arr[i+1]=temp;
}
}
}
}

void main()
{
int arr[11];
clrscr();

cout<<"\nEnter 10 elements\n";
for(int i=1;i<=10;i++)
cin>>arr[i];

bsort(arr,10);
cout<<"\nSorted Array:\n\n";

for(i=1;i<=10;i++)
cout<<arr[i]<<" ";
getch();
}

 Selection Sort.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>

void ssort(int arr[],int size)
{
for(int j=1;j<=size-1;j++)
{
int min=arr[j];
int pos=j;
for(int i=j+1;i<=size;i++)
{
if(min>arr[i]){min=arr[i];pos=i;}
}
int temp=arr[j];
arr[j]=arr[pos];
arr[pos]=temp;
}
}

void main()
{
int arr[11];
clrscr();

cout<<"\nEnter 10 elements\n";
for(int i=1;i<=10;i++)
cin>>arr[i];

ssort(arr,10);
cout<<"\nSorted Array:\n\n";

for(i=1;i<=10;i++)
cout<<arr[i]<<" ";
getch();
}

Insertion Sort.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>

void isort(int arr[],int size)
{
arr[0]=-32768;
for(int k=2;k<=size;k++)
{
int temp=arr[k];
int ptr=k-1;
while(temp<arr[ptr])
{
arr[ptr+1]=arr[ptr];
ptr--;
}
arr[ptr+1]=temp;
}
}

void main()
{
int arr[11];
clrscr();

cout<<"\nEnter 10 elements\n";
for(int i=1;i<=10;i++)
cin>>arr[i];

isort(arr,10);
cout<<"\nSorted Array:\n\n";

for(i=1;i<=10;i++)
cout<<arr[i]<<" ";
getch();
}

//18. Heap Sort.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>
void main()
{
int a[11];
clrscr();

cout<<"\n\nEnter 10 elements\n\n";
for(int i=1;i<=10;i++)
cin>>a[i];

int n,temp,size=10;

for(n=size;n>=1;n--)
{
for(i=n;i>=2;i--)
{
if(a[i]>a[i/2])
{
temp=a[i];
a[i]=a[i/2];
a[i/2]=temp;
}
}
temp=a[n];
a[n]=a[i];
a[i]=temp;
}

cout<<"\n\nSorted Array:\n\n";
for(i=1;i<=10;i++)
cout<<" "<<a[i];

getch();
}

19. Merge Sort.

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>

void merge(int A[],int p,int q,int r)
{
int n1=q-p+1;
int n2=r-q;

int *L;
int *R;

L=new int[n1+2];
R=new int[n2+2];

for(int i=1;i<=n1;i++)
{L[i]=A[p+i-1];}

for(int j=1;j<=n2;j++)
{R[j]=A[q+j];}

L[n1+1]=32767;
R[n2+1]=32767;
i=1;
j=1;

for(int k=p;k<=r;k++)
{
if(L[i]<R[j]){A[k]=L[i];i++;}
else{A[k]=R[j];j++;}
}
}

void merge_sort(int A[],int p,int r)
{
if(p<r)
{
int q=(p+r)/2;
merge_sort(A,p,q);
merge_sort(A,q+1,r);
merge(A,p,q,r);
}
}

void main()
{
int a[11];
clrscr();

cout<<"\n\nEnter 10 elements\n\n";
for(int i=1;i<=10;i++)
cin>>a[i];

merge_sort(a,1,10);

cout<<"\n\nSorted Array:\n\n";
for(i=1;i<=10;i++)
cout<<" "<<a[i];

getch();
}

20. Quick Sort. [SOME ERRORS]

#include<iostream.h>
#include<conio.h>

int partition(int A[],int p,int r)
{
int x=A[r];
int i=p-1;
int temp;

for(int j=p;j<=r-1;j++)
{
if(A[j]<=x){i++;}
else
{
temp=A[i];
A[i]=A[j];
A[j]=temp;
}
}
temp=A[i+1];
A[i+1]=A[r];
A[r]=temp;

return(i+1);
}

void quicksort(int A[],int p,int r)
{
if(p<r)
{
int q=partition(A,p,r);
quicksort(A,p,q-1);
quicksort(A,q+1,r);
}
}

void main()
{
int a[11];
clrscr();

cout<<"\n\nEnter 10 elements\n\n";
for(int i=1;i<=10;i++)
cin>>a[i];

quicksort(a,1,10);

cout<<"\n\nSorted Array:\n\n";
for(i=1;i<=10;i++)
cout<<" "<<a[i];

getch();
}

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Posted in: C PLUS PLUS,DATA STRUCTURE